Democracy is defined as governance of, by and for the people can be truly representative only through collaborative mechanisms and institutions involving consultations and consensus.  

The challenges and failures of governance apply across developed, and developing countries, and the post-millennials (Y, Z), a source of strong social capital and knowledge economy, are actively engaged and reacting against these and aspiring for better solutions. Faced with the burden of past and current failures globally, they are seeking and supporting leadership that might seem to be transparent and accountable to achieve universally sustainable and inclusive development.

The context within which leaders are operating is rapidly shifting toward models of collaborations. There are democracies and non-democracies. Technology is constantly transforming humanity into one world order. On the other hand, government policies and programmes have been inadequate in any attempts to achieve equity and justice so that economic, social and cultural differences and inequalities persist across nations and regions. These include inequality in access to education, health and employment opportunities.

This research programme involves an exploration of policies, performance and reforms pertaining to public, private and third sector institutions, including political, bureaucratic, judiciary and developmental. The following are among questions to be examined - How well have these institutions performed over time and what reforms have been carried out, are underway, or are needed in future? Further, how and to what extent has institutional performance impacted social and economic outcomes? What is the current state and components of good governance and what are possible solutions and challenges for effective and accountable governance and achieving an equitable society?